Available only to the Netherlands.

The only flagship capable of transporting a land unit.

+5 hit points.

A victory with this ship will trigger a Golden Age.

Can selectively attack (stealth attack) slower ships. Requires no resources to build or gold to support.

Requires: Naval Leadership
Upgrades to: none
Cost: 900
Attack: 13
Defense: 15
Movement: 8
Bombard: 33
Range: 1
Rate of Fire: 3
Transport: 1
Population: 0

Available only to Spain.

This powerful conquistador can attack three times per turn.

Can travel through jungle and mountain terrain without roads.

Cannot be transported by small vessels.

Exerts a zone of control.

Requires: Mounted Arms (plus Horses and Gold)
Upgrades to: none
Cost: 500
Attack: 7
Defense: 5
Movement: 3
Bombard: n/a
Range: n/a
Rate of Fire: n/a
Transport: n/a
Population: n/a

Available only to Spain.

A victory with this flagship will trigger a Golden Age.

+5 hit points.

Can selectively attack (stealth attack) slower ships.

Requires no resources to build or gold to support.

Requires: Naval Leadership
Upgrades to: none
Cost: 1000
Attack: 20
Defense: 18
Movement: 7
Bombard: 68
Range: 1
Rate of Fire: 3
Transport: n/a
Population: n/a

A pirate ship available only to the Privateers.

Sails with a hidden nationality.

A shallow draft vessel. Can make lethal attacks on land units.

Can selectively attack (stealth attack) slower ships.

Requires: Privateering (plus Hardwood and Iron)
Upgrades to: none
Cost: 230
Attack: 9
Defense: 15
Movement: 9
Bombard: 30
Range: 1
Rate of Fire: 2
Transport: n/a
Population: n/a

A Steam Frigate protected by iron plates.

+3 hit points.

Requires: Composite Construction (plus Iron and Saltpeter and Coal)
Upgrades to: none
Cost: 380
Attack: 15
Defense: 16
Movement: 9
Bombard: 36
Range: 1
Rate of Fire: 3
Transport: n/a
Population: n/a

A shallow draft vessel.

Cannot attack.

Will sink on the open ocean until Navigation is discovered.

Cannot transport large or heavy units.

Cannot be built by The Netherlands (they build the superior Fluyt).

Requires: Seafaring
Upgrades to: none
Cost: 10
Attack: 0
Defense: 4
Movement: 5
Bombard: n/a
Range: n/a
Rate of Fire: n/a
Transport: 1
Population: n/a

One of two pirate flagships available to The Privateers (the other is Edward Teach).

Sails with a hidden nationality.

A victory with this ship will trigger a Golden Age.

+5 hit points.

Can selectively attack (stealth attack) slower ships.

Exerts a zone of control.

Requires no resources to build or gold to support.
 

Requires: Naval Leadership
Upgrades to: none
Cost: 980
Attack: 18
Defense: 14
Movement: 7
Bombard: 72
Range: 1
Rate of Fire: 3
Transport: n/a
Population: n/a

The only steel ship that exerts a zone of control.

They consume 1 population point from the city in which they are built.

+7 hit points.

Requires: Turbine Engine (plus Iron and Saltpeter and Coal)
Upgrades to: none
Cost: 700
Attack: 23
Defense: 26
Movement: 11
Bombard: 53
Range: 1
Rate of Fire: 3
Transport: n/a
Population: 1

A small, armed transport ship available only to the Buccaneers.

A more powerful version of a Sloop.

A shallow draft vessel. Can make lethal attacks on land units.
 

Requires: Navigation
Upgrades to: none
Cost: 40
Attack: 6
Defense: 8
Movement: 8
Bombard: 14
Range: 1
Rate of Fire: 2
Transport: 1
Population: n/a

A Jesuit Missionary that acts as an improved Settler unit. Available only to Catholic civilizations (Spain, France, Portugal).

A city that builds a Black Robe loses only one citizen from its population.

Black Robes are used primarily to found new cities. Move the unit to
the desired city site, and, when the unit is active in that square, press B.

A Black Robe may also be used to increase the population of an existing city; when the unit is active on a city, click the "Join City" button. The unit disappears and the city's population gains one citizen.
 

Requires: Mission Building
Upgrades to: none
Cost: 60
Attack: 0
Defense: 1
Movement: 2
Bombard: n/a
Range: n/a
Rate of Fire: n/a
Transport: n/a
Population: 1

A ship with thick wooden armor and fast guns.

+2 hit points.

Exerts a zone of control.

Cannot be built by the Buccaneers, the Privateers, or the Americans.

Requires: Privateering (plus Hardwood and Iron)
Upgrades to: none
Cost: 230
Attack: 8
Defense: 25
Movement: 4
Bombard: 18
Range: 1
Rate of Fire: 2
Transport: n/a
Population: n/a

A highly versatile unit that can only be built by The Netherlands.

Essentially a combat Settler/Laborer.

Has a worker strength of 100%.

Moves through all terrain as roads.

Boer rifles can deliver a non-lethal ranged attack.

Have defensive initiative (a minor first strike when under attack).

Requires: Breechloading Waepons
Upgrades to: none
Cost: 200
Attack: 4
Defense: 4
Movement: 1
Bombard: 3
Range: 1
Rate of Fire: 1
Transport: n/a
Population: 1

The standard workhorse naval vessel. Sacrifices firepower for swiftness.

Cannot be built by England or Spain (they build their own, unique versions).

Requires: Naval Warfare (plus Hardwood)
Upgrades to: none
Cost: 90
Attack: 8
Defense: 12
Movement: 8
Bombard: 18
Range: 1
Rate of Fire: 2
Transport: n/a
Population: n/a

A powerful, well-balanced land unit built only by Spain.

Requires: Imperialism (plus Gold)
Upgrades to: none
Cost: 90
Attack: 4
Defense: 4
Movement: 1
Bombard: n/a
Range: n/a
Rate of Fire: n/a
Transport: n/a
Population: n/a

Can attack twice per turn.

Cannot travel through jungles or mountains without roads.

Cannot be transported by small vessels.

Requires: Steel Casting (plus Iron and Saltpeter and Horses)
Upgrades to: none
Cost: 180
Attack: 7
Defense: 5
Movement: 2
Bombard: n/a
Range: n/a
Rate of Fire: n/a
Transport: n/a
Population: n/a

One of two flagships available only to England (the other is Woodes Rogers).

A victory with this ship will trigger a Golden Age.

+6 hit points.

Requires no resources to build or gold to support.

Requires: Naval Leadership
Upgrades to: none
Cost: 1000
Attack: 20
Defense: 18
Movement: 5
Bombard: 65
Range: 1
Rate of Fire: 3
Transport: n/a
Population: n/a

Can inflict a lethal attack on naval units.

Cannot deliver a lethal attack on ground units.

Exerts a zone of control.

Has a bombard range of 2 squares.

Requires: Special Artillery (plus Iron and Saltpeter)
Upgrades to: none
Cost: 90
Attack: 0
Defense: 0
Movement: 0
Bombard: 24
Range: 2
Rate of Fire: 3
Transport: n/a
Population: n/a

A group of ordinary Colonial Era units that move and fight together. Armies are built like regular units once the technology becomes available. They consume 5 population points from the city in which they are built. Cannot be built by pirates.

An army can "see" up to two squares away, due to its intrinsic scouts. An army has a +1 movement, but cannot move through jungles or mountains without a road. Cannot be transported by small vessels.

An army can attack once for every point of movement (armies have a movement
of 2). Armies may cause collateral damage to terrain improvements and city structures. An army exerts a zone of control. Armies have defensive initiative (a minor first strike when under attack).

Requires: Metallurgy
Upgrades to: Steel Era Army
Cost: 700
Attack: 3
Defense: 3
Movement: 2
Bombard: 7 (collateral damage)
Range: 0
Rate of Fire: 0
Transport: n/a
Population: 5

The fastest of all naval vessels.

A steel ship with +5 hit points.

Can selectively attack (stealth attack) any ship (except for other Cruisers).

Requires: Frame Construction (plus Iron and Saltpeter and Coal)
Upgrades to: none
Cost: 500
Attack: 20
Defense: 22
Movement: 12
Bombard: 45
Range: 1
Rate of Fire: 3
Transport: n/a
Population: n/a

Early heavy cavalry built only by Spain, England, and France.

Can attack twice per turn.

Free upgrade to Cavalry once Steel Casting is achieved.

Cannot travel in jungles and mountains without roads.

Cannot be transported by small vessels.

Requires: Mounted Arms (plus Horses)
Upgrades to: Cavalry
Cost: 110
Attack: 5
Defense: 4
Movement: 2
Bombard: n/a
Range: n/a
Rate of Fire: n/a
Transport: n/a
Population: n/a

Cannot be built by the Buccaneers or Privateers.

The most powerful of all naval vessels.

A steel ship with +10 hit points.

Two square visibility.

Can bombard at a range of two squares.

Can inflict a lethal attack on land units.

Has a large crew (consumes 2 points of population from the city in which they are built).

Can create craters.

Requires: Naval Superstructures (plus Iron and Saltpeter and Coal)
Upgrades to: none
Cost: 900
Attack: 30
Defense: 38
Movement: 9
Bombard: 135
Range: 2
Rate of Fire: 3
Transport: n/a
Population: 2

One of two pirate flagships available to The Privateers (the other is Bartholomew Roberts).

Sails with a hidden nationality.

A victory with this ship will trigger a Golden Age.

+8 hit points.

Can selectively attack (stealth attack) slower ships.

Requires no resources to build or gold to support.

Requires: Naval Leadership
Upgrades to: none
Cost: 980
Attack: 12
Defense: 18
Movement: 6
Bombard: 63
Range: 1
Rate of Fire: 3
Transport: n/a
Population: n/a

An improved version of a Laborer.

A city that builds an Engineer loses one citizen from its population.

Engineers can improve the countryside to make it more productive. The efficiency of an Engineer (how quickly it works) depends upon its government type.

An Engineer may also be used to increase the population of an existing city;
when the Engineer is active on a city, click the "Join City" button. The Engineer disappears and the city's population gains one citizen.

Engineers have a worker strength of 150%.

Requires: Explosives (plus Saltpeter)
Upgrades to: none
Cost: 40
Attack: 0
Defense: 1
Movement: 1
Bombard: n/a
Range: n/a
Rate of Fire: n/a
Transport: n/a
Population: 1

Can only be built by England.

A specialized version of the Brigantine. Superior guns but fewer crew to repel boarders.

Requires: Naval Warfare (plus Hardwood)
Upgrades to: none
Cost: 70
Attack: 6
Defense: 10
Movement: 8
Bombard: 24
Range: 1
Rate of Fire: 3
Transport: n/a
Population: n/a

Can only be built by England.

A specialized version of the Frigate. Superior guns but fewer marines to mount or repel boarding parties.

Requires: Ductile Casting (plus Hardwood and Iron and Saltpeter)
Upgrades to: none
Cost: 130
Attack: 6
Defense: 8
Movement: 6
Bombard: 33
Range: 1
Rate of Fire: 4
Transport: n/a
Population: n/a

Can only be built by England.

+2 hit points.

Useful for transporting armies, artillery, and horse units.

A specialized version of the Galleon. Superior guns but fewer crew to repel boarders.

Requires: Naval Architecture (plus Hardwood)
Upgrades to: none
Cost: 50
Attack: 4
Defense: 6
Movement: 3
Bombard: 24
Range: 1
Rate of Fire: 3
Transport: 2
Population: n/a

Can only be built by England.

+2 hit points.

A specialized version of the Man-of-War. Superior guns but fewer marines to mount or repel boarding parties.

Requires: Ductile Casting (plus Hardwood and Iron and Saltpeter)
Upgrades to: none
Cost: 190
Attack: 8
Defense: 10
Movement: 4
Bombard: 47
Range: 1
Rate of Fire: 4
Transport: n/a
Population: n/a

The standard land artillery unit.

Cannot be built by France (they build the superior French Field Artillery).

Exerts a zone of control.

Cannot deliver lethal attacks to naval units.

Cannot travel through jungles or mountains without roads.

Cannot be transported by small vessels.

Artillery has no defense value, so it should be protected by an escort.

Requires: Ductile Casting (plus Iron and Saltpeter)
Upgrades to: Steel Artillery
Cost: 60
Attack: 0
Defense: 0
Movement: 1
Bombard: 16
Range: 1
Rate of Fire: 2
Transport: n/a
Population: n/a

Can only be built by The Netherlands.

A shallow draft vessel (a superior version of the Barque).

Cannot attack.

Cannot transport large or heavy units.

Will sink on the open ocean until Navigation is discovered.

Requires: Seafaring
Upgrades to: none
Cost: 10
Attack: 0
Defense: 5
Movement: 6
Bombard: n/a
Range: n/a
Rate of Fire: n/a
Transport: 1
Population: n/a

A pirate ship available only to the Buccaneers.

+5 hit points.

Sails with a hidden nationality.

Requires: Privateering (plus Hardwood and Iron and Saltpeter)
Upgrades to: none
Cost: 260
Attack: 12
Defense: 18
Movement: 8
Bombard: 27
Range: 1
Rate of Fire: 2
Transport: n/a
Population: n/a

Can only be built by France.

A superior version of Field Artillery.

Exerts a zone of control.

Cannot deliver lethal attacks to naval units.

Cannot travel through jungles or mountains without roads.

Cannot be transported by small vessels.

Artillery has no defense value, so it should be protected by an escort.

Requires: Ductile Casting (plus Iron and Saltpeter)
Upgrades to: French Steel Artillery
Cost: 60
Attack: 0
Defense: 0
Movement: 1
Bombard: 18
Range: 1
Rate of Fire: 3
Transport: n/a
Population: n/a

Can only be built by France.

A superior version of Horse Artillery.

Exerts a zone of control.

Cannot deliver lethal attacks to naval units.

Cannot travel through jungles or mountains without roads.

Cannot be transported by small vessels.

Artillery has no defense value, so it should be protected by an escort.

Requires: Special Artillery (plus Iron and Saltpeter and Horses)
Upgrades to: none
Cost: 100
Attack: 0
Defense: 0
Movement: 2
Bombard: 20
Range: 1
Rate of Fire: 3
Transport: n/a
Population: n/a

Can only be built by France.

A superior version of Steel Artillery.

Exerts a zone of control.

Cannot deliver lethal attacks to naval units.

Cannot travel through jungles or mountains without roads.

Cannot be transported by small vessels.

Artillery has no defense value, so it should be protected by an escort.

Requires: Steel Casting (plus Iron and Saltpeter)
Upgrades to: none
Cost: 160
Attack: 0
Defense: 0
Movement: 1
Bombard: 24
Range: 1
Rate of Fire: 3
Transport: n/a
Population: n/a

The standard offensive naval unit. Sacrifices speed for firepower.

Cannot be built by England or Spain (they build their own, unique versions).

Requires: Ductile Casting (plus Hardwood and Iron and Saltpeter)
Upgrades to: none
Cost: 110
Attack: 8
Defense: 10
Movement: 6
Bombard: 27
Range: 1
Rate of Fire: 3
Transport: n/a
Population: n/a

Can only be built by America. Treats all terrain as roads but cannot pillage.

Has twice the fighting strength of the Pioneer (both use the same graphic).

Requires no support.

Requires: none
Upgrades to: none
Cost: 30
Attack: 2
Defense: 2
Movement: 1
Bombard: n/a
Range: n/a
Rate of Fire: n/a
Transport: n/a
Population: n/a

Can only be built by England.

Essentially Militiamen with superior defensive strength.

Exerts a zone of control.

Requires: Metallurgy (plus Saltpeter)
Upgrades to: none
Cost: 90
Attack: 3
Defense: 4
Movement: 1
Bombard: n/a
Range: n/a
Rate of Fire: n/a
Transport: n/a
Population: n/a

An early, large transport vessel.

+2 hit points.

Useful for transporting armies, artillery, and horse units.

England and Spain have their own, unique version of the Galleon.

Requires: Naval Architecture (plus Hardwood)
Upgrades to: none
Cost: 50
Attack: 6
Defense: 8
Movement: 3
Bombard: 18
Range: 1
Rate of Fire: 2
Transport: 2
Population: n/a

Can only be built by England.

One of the most powerful defensive units.

Exerts a zone of control.

Requires: Metallurgy (plus Gold)
Upgrades to: none
Cost: 500
Attack: 4
Defense: 7
Movement: 1
Bombard: n/a
Range: n/a
Rate of Fire: n/a
Transport: n/a
Population: n/a

Treasure units represent the wealth of the world. They are created periodically by Gold_Mines.

Once a gold unit is seized, it should be hauled back to your capital city. Upon arrival, it adds to your treasury and/or victory point total (depending on the scenario).

Requires: a Gold Mine
Upgrades to: none
Cost: 1000 (approximate value in shields)
Attack: 0
Defense: 0
Movement: 1
Bombard: n/a
Range: n/a
Rate of Fire: n/a
Transport: n/a
Population: n/a

The offensive version of Militiamen.

Requires: Metallurgy
Upgrades to: none
Cost: 40
Attack: 4
Defense: 2
Movement: 1
Bombard: n/a
Range: n/a
Rate of Fire: n/a
Transport: n/a
Population: n/a

The most powerful Native unit.

Moves through all terrain as roads.

Can make amphibious attacks.

Requires: none
Upgrades to: none
Cost: 50
Attack: 3
Defense: 2
Movement: 1
Bombard: n/a
Range: n/a
Rate of Fire: n/a
Transport: n/a
Population: n/a

Cannot be built by the Buccaneers and Privateers.

Essentially a cross between a Frigate and a Man-of-War. Has the guns of a Man-of-War but not the armor.

Requires: Privateering (plus Hardwood and Iron and Saltpeter)
Upgrades to: none
Cost: 160
Attack: 9
Defense: 11
Movement: 5
Bombard: 41
Range: 1
Rate of Fire: 3
Transport: n/a
Population: n/a

The least expensive of all pirate flagships. Available only to the Buccaneers.

A victory with this ship will trigger a Golden Age.

+3 hit points.

Sails with a hidden nationality.

Can selectively attack (stealth attack) slower ships.

Exerts a zone of control.

Requires no resources to build or gold to support.

Requires: Naval Leadership
Upgrades to: none
Cost: 600
Attack: 16
Defense: 12
Movement: 6
Bombard: 54
Range: 1
Rate of Fire: 3
Transport: n/a
Population: n/a

A more powerful, horsedrawn version of Field Artillery.

Cannot be built by France (they build the superior French Horse Artillery).

Exerts a zone of control.

Cannot deliver lethal attacks to naval units.

Cannot travel through jungles or mountains without roads.

Cannot be transported by small vessels.

Artillery has no defense value, so it should be protected by an escort.

Requires: Special Artillery (plus Iron and Saltpeter and Horses)
Upgrades to: none
Cost: 100
Attack: 0
Defense: 0
Movement: 2
Bombard: 18
Range: 1
Rate of Fire: 2
Transport: n/a
Population: n/a

Can only be built by France.

Napoleon's ultimate infantry unit. Essentially a super-elite Grenadier.

+1 hit point.

Requires: Metallurgy (plus Saltpeter and Gold)
Upgrades to: none
Cost: 150
Attack: 5
Defense: 4
Movement: 1
Bombard: n/a
Range: n/a
Rate of Fire: n/a
Transport: n/a
Population: n/a

Can only be built by France.

Moves through all terrain as roads.

May cause collateral damage to terrain improvements and city structures.

Have defensive initiative (a minor first strike when under attack).

Requires: Imperialism (plus Game and Gold)
Upgrades to: none
Cost: 75
Attack: 4
Defense: 3
Movement: 1
Bombard: 20 (collateral damage)
Range: n/a
Rate of Fire: n/a
Transport: n/a
Population: n/a

Infantry represents the first well organized ground troops using repeating rifles
with steel parts. They are very good defenders but are also good on the offensive.

Exerts a zone of control.

Delivers a ranged attack that can be lethal to land units.

Have defensive initiative (a minor first strike when under attack).

Serves as a draft unit.

Requires: Steel Casting (plus Iron and Saltpeter)
Upgrades to: none
Cost: 140
Attack: 5
Defense: 5
Movement: 1
Bombard: 4
Range: 1
Rate of Fire: 1
Transport: n/a
Population: n/a

A low-profile, iron-plated gunship.

+5 hit points.

Exerts a zone of control.

Requires: Composite Construction (plus Iron and Saltpeter and Coal)
Upgrades to: none
Cost: 450
Attack: 15
Defense: 20
Movement: 5
Bombard: 41
Range: 1
Rate of Fire: 3
Transport: n/a
Population: n/a

Available only to France.

A victory with this flagship will trigger a Golden Age.

+7 hit points.

Can selectively attack (stealth attack) slower ships.

Requires no resources to build or gold to support.

Requires: Naval Leadership
Upgrades to: none
Cost: 1000
Attack: 12
Defense: 18
Movement: 7
Bombard: 54
Range: 1
Rate of Fire: 3
Transport: n/a
Population: n/a

Available only to America.

A victory with this flagship will trigger a Golden Age.

+5 hit points.

Can selectively attack (stealth attack) slower ships.

Requires no resources to build or gold to support.

Requires: Naval Leadership
Upgrades to: none
Cost: 900
Attack: 14
Defense: 16
Movement: 8
Bombard: 40
Range: 1
Rate of Fire: 3
Transport: n/a
Population: n/a

The standard worker unit.

A city that builds a Laborer loses one citizen from its population.

Laborers can improve the countryside to make it more productive. The efficiency of a Laborer (how quickly it works) depends upon its government type.

A Laborer may also be used to increase the population of an existing city;
when the Laborer is active on a city, click the "Join City" button. The Laborer disappears and the city's population gains one citizen.

Laborers have a worker strength of 100%.

Requires: none
Upgrades to: Engineer
Cost: 30
Attack: 0
Defense: 1
Movement: 1
Bombard: n/a
Range: n/a
Rate of Fire: n/a
Transport: n/a
Population: 1

The fastest of all standard mounted units.

Can travel through jungles and mountains without roads.

Cannot be transported by small vessels.

Requires: Mounted Arms (plus Horses)
Upgrades to: none
Cost: 90
Attack: 4
Defense: 3
Movement: 3
Bombard: n/a
Range: n/a
Rate of Fire: n/a
Transport: n/a
Population: n/a

The standard naval vessel used by Natives.

Requires: none
Upgrades to: none
Cost: 100
Attack: 0
Defense: 2
Movement: 3
Bombard: n/a
Range: n/a
Rate of Fire: n/a
Transport: 5
Population: n/a

An early, large attack vessel.

+2 hit points.

Can only be built by France, The Netherlands, and Portugal. (England and Spain have their own, unique version.)

Cannot be built by the Buccaneers, Privateers, or America.

Requires: Ductile Casting (plus Hardwood and Iron and Saltpeter)
Upgrades to: none
Cost: 190
Attack: 10
Defense: 12
Movement: 4
Bombard: 41
Range: 1
Rate of Fire: 3
Transport: n/a
Population: n/a

Serves as a draft unit.

Requires: Metallurgy
Upgrades to: Riflemen
Cost: 40
Attack: 3
Defense: 3
Movement: 1
Bombard: n/a
Range: n/a
Rate of Fire: n/a
Transport: n/a
Population: n/a

An early gunpowder unit.

Serves as a draft unit.

Requires: none
Upgrades to: Militiamen
Cost: 20
Attack: 2
Defense: 2
Movement: 1
Bombard: n/a
Range: n/a
Rate of Fire: n/a
Transport: n/a
Population: n/a

The standard exploration unit. Treats all terrain as roads but cannot pillage.

All expansionist civilizations start with a free Pioneer.

Cannot be built by America (they build the superior Frontiersman).

Cannot be built by the Buccaneers or Privateers (they build Shore Parties).

Requires: none
Upgrades to: none
Cost: 30
Attack: 1
Defense: 1
Movement: 1
Bombard: n/a
Range: n/a
Rate of Fire: n/a
Transport: n/a
Population: n/a

Can only be built by The Buccaneers. +1 hit point. Can make amphibious attacks.

May capture defeated units and turn them into Slaves. Note: when attacking amphibiously, it is possible to receive custody of a slave inside a coastal square. If you then leave the vicinity, your new slave may appear stranded in the water! To avoid this, be sure to bring along transport for these attacks. Load your slave on to these transport vessels before departing. Alternating, you may be able to move the
slave from the coastal square into an adjacent land square.

May cause collateral damage to terrain improvements and city structures.

Have defensive initiative (a minor first strike when under attack).

Requires: Imperialism (plus Gold and Wines)
Upgrades to: none
Cost: 250
Attack: 5
Defense: 3
Movement: 1
Bombard: 32 (collateral damage)
Range: n/a
Rate of Fire: n/a
Transport: n/a
Population: n/a

Can only be built by The Buccaneers or Privateers.

Can make amphibious attacks.

May cause collateral damage to terrain improvements and city structures.

Have defensive initiative (a minor first strike when under attack).

Requires: Imperialism (plus Wines)
Upgrades to: none
Cost: 100
Attack: 4
Defense: 2
Movement: 1
Bombard: n/a
Range: n/a
Rate of Fire: n/a
Transport: n/a
Population: n/a

Exerts a zone of control.

Can deliver a non-lethal ranged attack.

Have defensive initiative (a minor first strike when under attack).

Serves as a draft unit.

Requires: Breechloading Weapons (plus Saltpeter)
Upgrades to: Infantry
Cost: 80
Attack: 4
Defense: 4
Movement: 1
Bombard: 3
Range: 1
Rate of Fire: 1
Transport: n/a
Population: n/a

Can only be built by America.

Essentially an elite, all-terrain cavalry unit.

+1 hit point.

Can attack twice per turn.

Can travel through jungles or mountains without roads.

Cannot be transported by small vessels.

Exerts a zone of control.

Requires: Steel Casting (plus Iron and Saltpeter and Horses)
Upgrades to: none
Cost: 270
Attack: 8
Defense: 5
Movement: 2
Bombard: n/a
Range: n/a
Rate of Fire: n/a
Transport: n/a
Population: n/a

Can only be built by the Buccaneers.

A shallow draft vessel. Can make lethal attacks on land units.

Requires: Naval Warfare (plus Hardwood)
Upgrades to: none
Cost: 70
Attack: 6
Defense: 10
Movement: 9
Bombard: 18
Range: 1
Rate of Fire: 2
Transport: n/a
Population: n/a

A fast, lightly armed vessel used primarily for exploration.

This ship is very useful when given the "e" keyboard command (for Exploration).

A shallow draft vessel. Can make lethal attacks on land units.

Requires: Naval Warfare (plus Hardwood)
Upgrades to: none
Cost: 20
Attack: 2
Defense: 5
Movement: 9
Bombard: n/a
Range: n/a
Rate of Fire: n/a
Transport: n/a
Population: n/a

A city that builds a settler loses two citizens from its population.

Settlers are used primarily to found new cities. Move the settler to
the desired city site, and, when the settler is active in that square, press B.

A settler may also be used to increase the population of an existing city; when the settler is active on a city, click the "Join City" button. The settler disappears and the city's population gains two citizens.

Requires: none
Upgrades to: none
Cost: 50
Attack: 1
Defense: 1
Movement: 1
Bombard: n/a
Range: n/a
Rate of Fire: n/a
Transport: n/a
Population: 2

Can only be built by the Buccaneers and Privateers.

Essentially a land scouting unit used by pirates.

Requires: Navigation
Upgrades to: none
Cost: 20
Attack: 1
Defense: 2
Movement: 2
Bombard: n/a
Range: n/a
Rate of Fire: n/a
Transport: n/a
Population: n/a

A worker unit available only to The Buccaneers. Requires no support. Cannot be built. Created only when a Raider Captain captures an enemy unit in battle. Slaves have a worker strength of 75%. Slaves have no combat strength. If left unescorted, they can be captured and converted to Laborers.

Slaves can improve the countryside to make it more productive. The efficiency of a Slave (how quickly it works) depends upon its government type.

A Slave may also be used to increase the population of an existing city; when the Slave is active on a city, click the "Join City" button. The Slave disappears and the city's population gains one citizen.

Requires: none
Upgrades to: none
Cost: 30
Attack: 0
Defense: 0
Movement: 1
Bombard: n/a
Range: n/a
Rate of Fire: n/a
Transport: n/a
Population: n/a

A small, armed transport ship.

Cannot be built by The Buccaneers (they build the superior Bilander).

Cannot transport large or heavy units.

A shallow draft vessel. Can make lethal attacks on land units.

Requires: Navigation
Upgrades to: none
Cost: 40
Attack: 4
Defense: 6
Movement: 7
Bombard: 9
Range: 1
Rate of Fire: 2
Transport: 1
Population: n/a

Can only be built by Spain.

A specialized version of the Brigantine. Inferior guns but more crew to repel boarders.

Requires: Naval Warfare (plus Hardwood)
Upgrades to: none
Cost: 70
Attack: 10
Defense: 14
Movement: 8
Bombard: 18
Range: 1
Rate of Fire: 1
Transport: n/a
Population: n/a

Can only be built by Spain.

A specialized version of the Frigate. Inferior guns but more marines to mount or repel boarding parties.

Requires: Ductile Casting (plus Hardwood and Iron and Saltpeter)
Upgrades to: none
Cost: 130
Attack: 10
Defense: 12
Movement: 6
Bombard: 27
Range: 1
Rate of Fire: 2
Transport: n/a
Population: n/a

Can only be built by Spain.

+2 hit points.

Useful for transporting armies, artillery, and horse units.

A specialized version of the Galleon. Inferior guns but more crew to repel boarders.

Requires: Naval Architecture (plus Hardwood)
Upgrades to: none
Cost: 50
Attack: 8
Defense: 10
Movement: 3
Bombard: 18
Range: 1
Rate of Fire: 1
Transport: 2
Population: n/a

Can only be built by Spain.

+2 hit points.

A specialized version of the Man-of-War. Inferior guns but more marines to mount or repel boarding parties.

Requires: Ductile Casting (plus Hardwood and Iron and Saltpeter)
Upgrades to: none
Cost: 190
Attack: 12
Defense: 14
Movement: 4
Bombard: 40
Range: 1
Rate of Fire: 2
Transport: n/a
Population: n/a

A group of ordinary Steam Era units that move and fight together. Armies are built like regular units once the technology becomes available. They consume 5 population points from the city in which they are built. Cannot be built by pirates.

A Steam Era army can deliver a non-lethal ranged attack. It can "see" up to two squares away, due to its intrinsic scouts. An army has a +1 movement, but cannot move through jungles or mountains without a road. Cannot be transported by small vessels.

An army can attack once for every point of movement (armies have a movement of 2). Armies may cause collateral damage to terrain improvements and city structures.
An army exerts a zone of control. Armies have defensive initiative (a minor first strike when under attack).

Requires: Breechloading Weapons (plus Saltpeter)
Upgrades to: Steel Era Army
Cost: 850
Attack: 4
Defense: 4
Movement: 2
Bombard: 10
Range: 1
Rate of Fire: 1
Transport: n/a
Population: 5

A Frigate with a steam engine. Offers superior speed and manueverability.

Requires: Steam Power (plus Iron and Saltpeter and Coal)
Upgrades to: Armored Frigate
Cost: 300
Attack: 15
Defense: 15
Movement: 10
Bombard: 36
Range: 1
Rate of Fire: 3
Transport: n/a
Population: n/a

A large, steam-powered transport vessel. Superior to the Galleon.

+2 hit points.

Requires: Steam Power (plus Iron and Hardwood and Coal)
Upgrades to: none
Cost: 150
Attack: 9
Defense: 9
Movement: 6
Bombard: 27
Range: 1
Rate of Fire: 2
Transport: 3
Population: n/a

An improved version of Field Artillery.

Cannot be built by France (they build the superior French Steel Artillery).

Exerts a zone of control.

Cannot deliver lethal attacks to naval units.

Cannot travel through jungles or mountains without roads.

Cannot be transported by small vessels.

Artillery has no defense value, so it should be protected by an escort.

Requires: Steel Casting (plus Iron and Saltpeter)
Upgrades to: none
Cost: 160
Attack: 0
Defense: 0
Movement: 1
Bombard: 21
Range: 1
Rate of Fire: 2
Transport: n/a
Population: n/a

A group of ordinary Steel Era units that move and fight together. Armies are built like regular units once the technology becomes available. They consume 5 population points from the city in which they are built. Cannot be built by pirates.

A Steel Era army can deliver a lethal ranged attack. It can "see" up to two squares away, due to its intrinsic scouts. An army has a +1 movement, but cannot move through jungles or mountains without a road. Cannot be transported by small vessels.

An army can attack once for every point of movement (armies have a movement of 2). Armies may cause collateral damage to terrain improvements and city structures.
An army exerts a zone of control. Armies have defensive initiative (a minor first strike when under attack).

Requires: Steel Casting (plus Iron and Saltpeter)
Upgrades to: none
Cost: 1000
Attack: 5
Defense: 5
Movement: 2
Bombard: 13
Range: 1
Rate of Fire: 1
Transport: n/a
Population: 5

A large transport ship with a steel frame and armor. Superior to the Steam Transport.

+5 hit points.

Requires: Frame Construction (plus Iron and Saltpeter and Coal)
Upgrades to: none
Cost: 400
Attack: 14
Defense: 18
Movement: 8
Bombard: 40
Range: 1
Rate of Fire: 3
Transport: 4
Population: n/a

Can only be built by Portugal.

Essentially an enhanced Brigantine.

A victory with this flagship will trigger an early Golden Age (available to Portugal long before other civilizations).

Requires no resources to build or gold to support.

Requires: Naval Warfare
Upgrades to: none
Cost: 400
Attack: 10
Defense: 14
Movement: 9
Bombard: 20
Range: 1
Rate of Fire: 2
Transport: n/a
Population: n/a

The standard Native unit.

Moves through all terrain as roads.

Requires: none
Upgrades to: none
Cost: 40
Attack: 2
Defense: 1
Movement: 1
Bombard: n/a
Range: n/a
Rate of Fire: n/a
Transport: n/a
Population: n/a

A pirate ship available only to the Privateers.

Sails with a hidden nationality.

Requires: Privateering (plus Hardwood and Iron and Saltpeter)
Upgrades to: none
Cost: 230
Attack: 14
Defense: 14
Movement: 8
Bombard: 40
Range: 1
Rate of Fire: 3
Transport: n/a
Population: n/a

One of two flagships available only to England (the other is Chaloner Ogle).

A victory with this ship will trigger a Golden Age.

+5 hit points.

Exerts a zone of control.

Can selectively attack (stealth attack) slower ships.

Requires no resources to build or gold to support.

Requires: Naval Leadership
Upgrades to: none
Cost: 1000
Attack: 16
Defense: 16
Movement: 8
Bombard: 72
Range: 1
Rate of Fire: 3
Transport: n/a
Population: n/a